Geoscience FAQ

What environmental issues are associated with hydraulic fracturing?

Information preserved from U.S. Geological Survey.

Information on this page was collected from the source acknowledged below:

U.S. Geological Survey Hydraulic Fracturing page:

"The actual practice of fracking is only a small part of the overall process of drilling, completing, and producing an oil and gas well. However, since fracking involves injecting a chemical solution into the ground to free up oil and gas resources, there are some potential environmental impacts related to this process. These include:

  • spills of chemicals at the surface
  • surface-water-quality degradation from waste fluid disposal
  • groundwater quality contamination
  • induced seismicity from the injection of waste fluids into deep disposal wells"

Learn More:

  • Critical Issue: Hydraulic Fracturing (Webpage and Issue Brief), Geological Society of America
    This peer-reviewed report provides a thoroughly researched overview of hydraulic fracturing ("fracking"). Defines hydraulic fracturing, discusses its role in energy development, and addresses potential environmental issues associated with the use of the technology.
  • Unconventional Oil and Natural Gas Development (Webpage), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
    Overview of hydraulic fracturing as a method of extracting oil and natural gas, including the regulatory framework surrounding hydraulic fracturing; wastewater treatment and disposal; and air quality impacts.

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